工業(yè)無(wú)線(xiàn)網(wǎng)絡(luò )實(shí)時(shí)傳輸調度算法研究綜述
doi: 10.16383/j.aas.c220939 cstr: 32138.14.j.aas.c220939
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浙江理工大學(xué)信息科學(xué)與工程學(xué)院 杭州 310000
A Survey of Real-time Transmission Scheduling Algorithms for Industrial Wireless Network
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School of Information Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310000
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摘要: 無(wú)線(xiàn)網(wǎng)絡(luò )是工業(yè)物聯(lián)網(wǎng)中一種具有良好前景的網(wǎng)絡(luò )互聯(lián)技術(shù). 它的應用為工業(yè)現場(chǎng)設備部署提供了極大便利, 使設備擺脫了線(xiàn)纜的束縛, 從而在空間上選點(diǎn)更為靈活, 同時(shí)能夠節省線(xiàn)材和人力等方面的成本. 然而, 無(wú)線(xiàn)通信易受環(huán)境噪聲影響, 尤其是在復雜電磁干擾的工業(yè)環(huán)境中, 易導致無(wú)線(xiàn)傳輸的時(shí)延增大和數據丟失. 這些問(wèn)題對于傳輸實(shí)時(shí)性要求較高的工業(yè)控制系統是非常不利的因素. 為了提高無(wú)線(xiàn)網(wǎng)絡(luò )在工業(yè)環(huán)境中數據傳輸的實(shí)時(shí)性, 學(xué)者們設計了多種傳輸調度算法, 以提高無(wú)線(xiàn)通信的實(shí)時(shí)性和可靠性, 從而滿(mǎn)足工業(yè)應用的需求. 綜述了工業(yè)無(wú)線(xiàn)網(wǎng)絡(luò )傳輸調度算法的研究現狀, 對其發(fā)展歷程、問(wèn)題定義、評價(jià)指標、分類(lèi)方法和現有標準等方面進(jìn)行了全面總結, 詳細闡述了具有代表性的調度算法的工作原理, 并指出了未來(lái)的研究方向.
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關(guān)鍵詞:
- 工業(yè)無(wú)線(xiàn)網(wǎng)絡(luò ) /
- 傳輸調度 /
- 實(shí)時(shí)性 /
- 可靠性
Abstract: The wireless network provides great convenience for the deployment of industrial devices, gets rid of the shackles of cables, makes the deployment of devices more flexible, and saves the cost of materials and manpower, which is the development trend of the industrial internet of things. However, since wireless communication is susceptible to interference, especially in the industrial environment with complex electromagnetic interference, it is easy to lead to increased delay and data loss in wireless transmission, which is a disadvantage for industrial control systems that require high real-time transmission. In order to improve the real-time performance of data transmission in wireless networks in industrial environments, researchers have designed a variety of industrial wireless network transmission scheduling algorithms to improve the real-time and reliability of wireless communication to meet the industrial application requirements. This paper reviews the current researches of transmission scheduling algorithms for industrial wireless network, and comprehensively summarizes the development history, problem definitions, evaluation metrics, classification methods and existing standards, and elaborates the working principles of representative scheduling algorithms in detail, and points out the future research direction.-
Key words:
- Industrial wireless networks /
- transmission scheduling /
- real-time /
- reliability
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圖 13 Wave一個(gè)周期進(jìn)行四次波動(dòng)調度的示例
Fig. 13 An example of Wave scheduling with four waves per cycle
表 1 工業(yè)無(wú)線(xiàn)網(wǎng)絡(luò )標準和調度算法發(fā)展概況
Table 1 Overview of the development standards and scheduling algorithms for industrial wireless network
年份 標準 集中式 分布式 2008—2010 WirelessHART、WIA-PA TSMP、Bit DRAND 2011 ISA-100.11a C-LLF Tinka 2012—2013 IEEE 802.15.4e TASA、RT-WiFi DeTAS、GCSA 2014 6TiSCH、WIA-FA SA、PSO、MinMax — 2015 — SSEvent、OLS Orchestra 2016 — LDF Wave 2017—2018 LoRaWAN、5G OBSSA、TDMH — 2019 — SM、Autobahn DIVA、TESLA、DiGs 2020 — w-SHARP OST 2021 WiFi 7 RLSchedule OSCAR、ATRIA、$ A^{3} $ 2022—2023 — SmartHART EDSF 下載: 導出CSV表 2 工業(yè)無(wú)線(xiàn)標準對比
Table 2 Comparison of industrial wireless standards
標準 物理層 多路徑 TDMA 介質(zhì)訪(fǎng)問(wèn) IEEE 802.15.4 IEEE 802.15.4控制層 $ \times $ $ \times $ CSMA/CA WirelessHART IEEE 802.15.4物理層 $ \surd $ 基于TDMA的時(shí)隙信道跳頻 IEEE 802.15.4控制層 時(shí)隙信道跳頻 ISA100.11a IEEE 802.15.4物理層 $ \surd $ 基于CSMA的慢跳頻 IEEE 802.15.4控制層 混合跳頻 WIA-PA/FA IEEE 802.15.4物理層 $ \surd $ 時(shí)隙跳頻 IEEE 802.15.4物理層 自適應跳頻 自適應頻率切換 IEEE 802.15.4e IEEE 802.15.4物理層 $ \surd $ 基于TDMA的時(shí)隙信道跳頻 TSCH、DSME、LLDN 工業(yè)5G 5G NR物理層 $ \surd $ 正交頻分多址 5G NR物理層 WiFi 7 IEEE 802.11物理層 $ \surd $ 正交頻分多址 CSMA/CA 下載: 導出CSV表 3 調度優(yōu)化算法比較
Table 3 Comparison of scheduling optimization algorithms
算法 方法 算法復雜度 DDPA 非線(xiàn)性規劃 $ \text{O}\left( N\log{N}\right) $ C-LLF 凸優(yōu)化 $ \text{O}\left(N^{2}\right) $ RS 凸優(yōu)化 $ \text{O}\left( N\log{N}\right) $ SA、PSO 集群智能優(yōu)化算法 $ \text{O}\left( N\log{N}\right) $ DLSA 非線(xiàn)性規劃 $ \text{O}\left({N^{3}}/\log{N} \right) $ MLS 迭代 $ \text{O}\left( N\log{N}\right) $ 下載: 導出CSV表 4 經(jīng)典算法調度方式比較
Table 4 Comparison of classical algorithm scheduling modes
調度算法 網(wǎng)絡(luò )模型 管理模式 支持多跳 數據流 信道 投遞率 延遲 能耗 DiGs 網(wǎng)狀 分布式 是 周期流 多信道 $ \surd $ $ \surd $ $ \surd $ DistributedHART 網(wǎng)狀 分布式 是 周期流和事件流 多信道 $ \surd $ $ \surd $ $ \surd $ ALICE 樹(shù)形 分布式 是 周期流 多信道 $ \surd $ $ \surd $ $ \surd $ OST 樹(shù)形 分布式 是 周期流 多信道 $ \surd $ $ \surd $ $ \surd $ DIVA 網(wǎng)狀 分布式 是 周期流 多信道 $ \surd $ Wave 樹(shù)狀 分布式 是 周期流 多信道 $ \surd $ OLS 樹(shù)狀 集中式 是 事件流 多信道 $ \surd $ DDPA 網(wǎng)狀 集中式 是 事件流 多信道 $ \surd $ LDF 樹(shù)狀 集中式 否 周期流 多信道 $ \surd $ $ \surd $ SA、PSO 樹(shù)狀 集中式 是 事件流 單信道 $ \surd $ GCSA 樹(shù)狀 分布式 是 周期流 單信道 $ \surd $ TASA 樹(shù)狀 集中式 是 周期流 多信道 $ \surd $ $ \surd $ OBSSA 網(wǎng)狀 集中式 是 周期流和事件流 多信道 $ \surd $ SM 樹(shù)狀 集中式 是 周期流和事件流 多信道 $ \surd $ DRAND 網(wǎng)狀 分布式 是 周期流 多信道 $ \surd $ $ \surd $ Tinka 網(wǎng)狀 分布式 是 周期流 多信道 $ \surd $ DeTAS 網(wǎng)狀 分布式 是 周期流 多信道 $ \surd $ Orchestra 網(wǎng)狀 分布式 是 周期流 多信道 $ \surd $ $ \surd $ $ \surd $ TSMP 網(wǎng)狀 集中式 是 周期流和事件流 多信道 $ \surd $ $ \surd $ $ \surd $ C-LLF 樹(shù)狀 集中式 是 周期流 多信道 $ \surd $ TDMH 網(wǎng)狀 集中式 是 周期流 多信道 $ \surd $ Ergen 網(wǎng)狀 集中式 是 周期流 多信道 $ \surd $ MinMax 樹(shù)狀 集中式 是 周期流 多信道 $ \surd $ RS 網(wǎng)狀 集中式 是 周期流 多信道 TESLA 樹(shù)狀 分布式 是 周期流 多信道 $ \surd $ $ \surd $ $ \surd $ JiTS 樹(shù)狀 分布式 是 周期流 單信道 $ \surd $ SSEvent 網(wǎng)狀 集中式 是 周期流和事件流 多信道 $ \surd $ Bit 網(wǎng)狀 集中式 是 周期流 多信道 $ \surd $ $ \surd $ $ \surd $ SRDR 網(wǎng)狀 集中式 是 周期流 多信道 $ \surd $ $ \surd $ $ \surd $ Hierarchic 樹(shù)狀 集中式 是 周期流和事件流 多信道 $ \surd $ $ \surd $ CCA 網(wǎng)狀 集中式 是 周期流和事件流 單信道 $ \surd $ $ \surd $ $ \surd $ RLSchedule 樹(shù)狀 集中式 是 周期流 多信道 $ \surd $ $ \surd $ $ \surd $ OSCAR 網(wǎng)狀 分布式 是 周期流 多信道 $ \surd $ $ \surd $ $ \surd $ EDSF 樹(shù)狀 分布式 是 周期流 多信道 $ \surd $ $ \surd $ $ \surd $ 下載: 導出CSV亚洲第一网址_国产国产人精品视频69_久久久久精品视频_国产精品第九页 -
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